Understanding the Interaction of Potassium Salts with an Ilmenite
ilmenite phase is present and further reduction is limited. ... Back-scattered SEM images of cross-sectioned ilmenite reduced, oxidized, and reduced in a TGA in moist H 2. The X-ray maps show a thinWeb
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Hydrogen reduction of lunar samples in a static system for a water
A pathfinder study with the ISRU-BDM (Sargeant et al., 2020b) showed that 45 mg samples of 95% pure ilmenite grains could be reduced to produce yields of 3.51 ± 0.05 wt % O 2 (in terms of the water produced) over a reaction time of 4 h (the estimated time frame for ISRU experiments with ProSPA).The highest yield was obtained with an initial …Web
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Copper-rich tin deposits | Mineralium Deposita
Vein, stockwork, skarn, and carbonate-replacement Sn deposits commonly contain little or no Cu, but examples rich in Cu are also well known in many Sn belts worldwide. The origin of Sn-Cu deposits in association with fractionated and reduced, ilmenite-series granites of mostly metasedimentary crustal parentage is enigmatic …Web
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A novel process to prepare high-titanium slag by
In this paper, a novel process was studied for the recovery of iron and titanium from ilmenite concentrate. The ilmenite powders first underwent an oxidation pretreatment and were reduced isothermally at 1350–1450 °C by graphite with the addition of Na 2 SO 4.The influence of temperature, C/O molar ratio and the dosage of the added …Web
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Preparation of synthetic rutile from reduced ilmenite through the
The reduced ilmenite samples used in the present study were provided by a local producer and used as received. The reduced ilmenite was produced by carbothermic reduction of ilmenite concentrate in a rotary kiln at about 1150 °C for approximately 8 h. The ilmenite concentrate used in this plant is a natural weathered beach sand with the main ...Web
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Hydrogen reduction of ilmenite: Towards an in situ resource …
There was no indication of a secondary reduction step where rutile reduces to a less oxidized state such as Ti 3 O 5 (Bardi et al., 1987) supporting the literature which states that TiO 2 will only begin to reduce when all the ilmenite present has reduced (Zhao and Shadman, 1993).Web
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Kinetics and mechanism of hydrogen reduction of ilmenite powders
In the present study, this task was realized by the FactSage thermochemical software and databases. The results are presented in Fig. 16, Fig. 17. From Fig. 16, ... This shows that titanium suboxides can reduce ilmenite, and also the metallization rate of iron is increased. This study has great guideline significance for the clean and green ...Web
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Hydrogen reduction of ilmenite: Towards an in situ resource …
The ilmenite reduction reaction is an equilibrium reaction and therefore requires the removal of the product water from the reaction site in order to continue to produce water. Altenberg et al. (1993) modelled how the equilibrium constant for this …Web
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(PDF) Phase transformations of Langkawi ilmenite ore during
The present study aims to reduce oxides in ilmenite ore from our local mining to produce titanium oxides by carbothermal reduction process and recycled agricultural waste from palm shell as ...Web
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Preparation of synthetic rutile from reduced ilmenite through the
The traditional aeration leaching process for the upgrading of reduced ilmenite is extremely sluggish and needs significant improvements in its efficiency.Web
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An Innovative Process for Production of TiO2 from Low Grade …
Conventionally TiO 2 is produced from Ilmenite ore by carbothermic reduction followed by leaching of iron to produce high purity TiO 2 which leads to loss of metallic iron and disposal of effluents. Therefore, an attempt has been made to develop a process for production of TiO 2 utilizing low grade raw materials. Ilmenite ore pellets of …Web
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Effect of titanium suboxides on the reaction mechanism of …
In Fig. 4 (a), when the reduction temperature is 1073 K and the reduction time is 40 min, the diffraction peaks of ilmenite disappear, and only the diffraction peaks of iron and rutile are present, indicating that the iron oxides in ilmenite concentrate are completely reduced by hydrogen to produce metal iron. When the reaction temperatures are ...Web
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Solar Carbothermic Reduction of Ilmenite Using Palm Kernel …
Solar Carbothermic Reduction of Ilmenite Using Palm Kernel Shell Biomass High Temperature Processing of Complex Ores Published: 05 August 2020 72, …Web
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Accelerated syngas generation from chemical looping CH
Chemical looping reforming of CH 4 (CH 4-CLR) is an advanced technology for syngas generation, and ilmenite ore has been considered a promising oxygen carrier material due to its extremely low cost. However, the weak reactivity of ilmenite ore over CH 4 prevents its practical application in CH 4-CLR.This study has established a facile …Web
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The Effects of Experimental Variables on Iron Removal from
These leaching parameters were reported as the best conditions for leaching out the iron particles in the form of iron oxide from reduced/nitrided Australian ilmenite samples. The present results were slightly inconsistent with the findings of Adipuri et al., and it could be due to the different ilmenite composition containing different ...Web
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(PDF) Effect of Sulfur on the Reduction of Ilmenite by Syngas in
The reactivity of ilmenite as an oxygen carrier (OC) in the presence of H2S was studied. A simulated syngas (66% CO, 34% H2) was used as the fuel. H2S concentrations were set to 4700 and 6580 ppm ...Web
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Enhanced carbothermic reduction of ilmenite placer by additional
The reduced ilmenite product of ilmenite placer contains both TiO 2 and Fe, which possess slag forming capacity by TiO 2 and restrike of arc property by Fe. Thus, ilmenite placer is suitable for producing reduced ilmenite for coating material of welding electrode. ... Hence the present work addresses to propose a method to enhance the ...Web
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Metals | Free Full-Text | Carbothermic Reduction of Ilmenite
Wang and Yuan studied the reduction of ilmenite concentrate by graphite under argon atmosphere at 850–1400 °C using thermogravimetric analysis apparatus …Web
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Effects of Na2CO3 on reduction mechanism and kinetics of
With an increase in the Na 2 B 4 O 7 content, the metallization ratio of reduced ilmenite concentrates first increased and then decreased slightly. ... which can be attributed to oxide inclusion. Various oxides were present in the iron phase while the iron particles grew during the reduction process, which constituted an exogenous inclusion ...Web
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Enhanced reduction of ilmenite ore by pre-oxidation in
In this study, reduction processes of raw and pre-oxidized ilmenite concentrates reduced by H 2 /CO mixtures (H 2 /CO = 0.4 and H 2 /CO = 2.5) at 950, …Web
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A Novel Process for Direct Reduction of Titanium Concentrate
At present, the main methods of producing high-grade titanium-rich materials from ilmenite in the industry are coal-based reduction, electric furnace …Web
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(PDF) Flow and Reaction Characteristic in a Stirred Reactor for
The reduced ilmenite is used as raw material (as Table 5), the oxygen flow rate is 0.6 m 3 /h, the liquid-solid ratio is 4:1, room temperature, and the reaction time is 2 h for corrosion reaction.Web
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Phase transitions and microstructural changes during oxidation and
The present work aims to investigate the link between the oxidation and reduction of a weathered ilmenite concentrate in terms of phase transitions, microstructural changes, and element distribution.Web
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Solid state reduction of a natural ilmenite
Carbothermic reduction of ilmenite and rutile was investigated by Welham and Williams (1999) at temperatures up to 1500 °C in which the reduction of rutile was found …Web
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Chlorination of reduced ilmenite concentrates and synthetic rutile
The present study aims to reduce oxides in ilmenite ore from our local mining to produce titanium oxides by carbothermal reduction process and recycled agricultural waste from palm shell as renewable reductant. The phase and chemical compositions of ilmenite ore and reduced samples were analyzed by XRD and XRF.Web
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Catalytic removal of iron from reduced ilmenite
In a recent process (Becher et al., 1965), the iron oxide of ilmenite is reduced to the metallic state using coal, which is then catalytically converted to solid iron oxide, which can be easily separated. The product obtained is synthetic rutile containing around 92% Ti02. Detailed investigations on this process have been reported (Farrow et al ...Web
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Effect of Sulfur on the Reduction of Ilmenite by …
Ilmenite can be reduced to different forms depending on the reaction gas composition, notably CO 2 in this case. Usually, when enough CO 2 is present, ilmenite reduction is limited to Fe 3 O 4 (RRR3 and …Web
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Recovery of Titania Slag and Iron from Semi-molten State Reduced
The electric arc furnace (EAF) smelting ilmenite concentrate process which produces titania slag, is high energy consumption, high pollution, and low efficiency process. An economical and clean process for semi-molten reduction followed by magnetic separation to produce titania slag from Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate is proposed. In …Web
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Solar Carbothermic Reduction of Ilmenite Using Palm Kernel …
The reduced ilmenite samples were examined using a Rigaku MiniFlex II diffractometer with a copper source operated at 15 mA and 30 kV and a scanning rate of 10°–90° with scan speed of 4° per min. ... Major phases present included reduced ilmenite (may include pseudobrookite), Fe metal, Cr-rich spinels, rutile, and zircon. Minor to trace ...Web
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Kinetics and Mechanisms of Carbothermic Reduction of …
The apparent activation energy for ilmenite reduction using biomass and graphite was determined to be 217.00 ± 0.06 kJ mol −1 and 239.44 ± 0.06 kJ mol −1, …Web
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